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Health Effects
A History of Harmful Effects (from prevention.com - http://www.prevention.com/health/healthy-living/electromagnetic-fields-and-your-health)
Until Edison's harnessing of electricity, humans' only sources of EMF exposure were the earth's static magnetic field (which causes a compass needle to point north) and cosmic rays from the sun and outer space; over our long evolution, we've adapted to solar EMFs by developing protective pigment. "But we have no protection against other EMF frequencies," says Andrew Marino, PhD, JD, a pioneer in bioelectromagnetics who has done extensive EMF research and a professor in the department of orthopedic surgery at the Louisiana State Health Sciences Center. "How quickly can we adapt our biology to these new exposures? It's the most important environmental health question—and problem—of the 21st century."
Research into the hazards of EMFs has been extensive, controversial—and, at least at the outset, animated by political intrigue. A sampling:
- The Russians first noticed during World War II that radar operators (radar operates using radio frequency waves) often came down with symptoms we now attribute to electrical hypersensitivity syndrome. In the 1960s, during the height of the Cold War, they secretly bombarded the US embassy in Moscow with microwave radiation (a higher-frequency RF used to transmit wireless signals), sickening American employees. Radio wave sickness—also called microwavesickness—is now a commonly accepted diagnosis.
- When television (also radio wave) was introduced in Australia in 1956, researchers there documented a rapid increase in cancers among people who lived near transmission towers.
- In the 1970s, Nancy Wertheimer, PhD, a Denver epidemiologist (since deceased), detected a spike in childhood leukemia (a rare disease) among kids who lived near electric power lines, prompting a rash of studies that arrived at similar conclusions.
- In the 1980s, investigators concluded that office workers with high exposure to EMFs from electronics had higher incidences of melanoma—a disease most often associated with sun exposure—than outdoor workers.
- In 1998, researchers with the National Cancer Institute reported that childhood leukemia risks were "significantly elevated" in children whose mothers used electric blankets during pregnancy and in children who used hair dryers, video machines in arcades, and video games connected to TVs.
- Over the past few years, investigators have examined cancer clusters on Cape Cod, which has a huge US Air Force radar array called PAVE PAWS, and Nantucket, home to a powerful Loran- Cantenna. Counties in both areas have the highest incidences of all cancers in the entire state of Massachusetts.
- More recently, the new findings on transients—particularly those crawling along utility wiring—are causing some scientists to rethink that part of the EMF debate pertaining to the hazards of power lines. Could they have been focusing on the wrong part of the EMF spectrum?
Some earlier, notable—albeit aborted—research suggests this may be the case. In 1988, Hydro-Quebec, a Canadian electric utility, contracted researchers from McGill University to study the health effects of power line EMFs on its employees. Gilles Theriault, MD, DrPH, who led the research and was chair of the department of occupational health at the university, decided to expand his focus to include high-frequency transients and found, even after controlling for smoking, that workers exposed to them had up to a 15-fold risk of developing lung cancer. After the results were published in the American Journal of Epidemiology, the utility decided to put an end to the study.
That research commenced at a time when energy-efficient devices—the major generators of transients—were beginning to saturate North American homes and clutter up power lines. A telltale sign of an energy-efficient device is the ballast, or transformer, that you see near the end of a power cord on a laptop computer, printer, or cell phone charger (although not all devices have them). When plugged in, it's warm to the touch, an indication that it's tamping down current and throwing off transient pollution. Two of the worst creators of transient radiation: light dimmer switches and compact fluorescent lightbulbs (CFLs). Transients are created when current is repeatedly interrupted. A CFL, for instance, saves energy by turning itself on and off repeatedly, as many as 100,000 times per second.
So how does the human body respond to this pulsing radiation? "Think of a magnet," explains Dave Stetzer, an electrical engineer and power supply expert in Blair, WI. "Opposite charges attract, and like charges repel. When a transient is going positive, the negatively charged electrons in your body move toward that positive charge. When the transient flips to negative, the body's electrons are pushed back. Remember, these positive-negative shifts are occurring many thousands of times per second, so the electrons in your body are oscillating to that tune. Your body becomes charged up because you're basically coupled to the transient's electric field."
Keep in mind that all the cells in your body, whether islets in the pancreas awaiting a signal to manufacture insulin or white blood cells speeding to the site of an injury, use electricity—or "electron change"—to communicate with each other. By overlapping the body's signaling mechanisms, could transients interfere with the secretion of insulin, drown out the call-and-response of the immune system, and cause other physical havoc?
Some preliminary research implies the answer is yes. Over the past 3 years, Magda Havas, PhD, a researcher in the department of environmental and resource studies at Trent University in Ontario, has published several studies that suggest exposure to transients may elevate blood sugar levels among people with diabetes and prediabetes and that people with multiple sclerosis improve their balance and have fewer tremors after just a few days in a transient- free environment. Her work also shows that after schools installed filters to clean up transients, two-thirds of teachers reported improvement in symptoms that had been plaguing them, including headache, dry eye, facial flushing, asthma, skin irritation, and depression.
Transients are particularly insidious because they accumulate and strengthen, their frequency reaching into the dangerous RF range. Because they travel along home and utility wiring, your neighbor's energy choices will affect the electrical pollution in your house. In other words, a CFL illuminating a porch down the block can send nasty transients into your bedroom.
Something else is sending transients into your home: the earth. From your high school science texts, you know that electricity must travel along a complete circuit, always returning to its source (the utility) along a neutral wire. In the early 1990s, says Stetzer, as transients began overloading utility wiring, public service commissions in many states told utilities to drive neutral rods into the ground on every existing pole and every new one they erected. "Today, more than 70% of all current going out on the wires returns to substations via the earth," says Stetzer—encountering along the way all sorts of subterranean conductors, such as water, sewer, and natural-gas pipes, that ferry even more electrical pollution into your home.
A Pragmatic ProposalOf course, these small studies—from Milham, Hydro-Quebec, and Havas—hardly constitute a blanket indictment of transients. "We're still early in this part of the EMF story," says Carpenter. Does that mean as evidence of their harm accumulates, officials will raise a red flag? Not likely, if past EMF debates are any indication. Power companies have successfully beaten back attempts to modify exposure standards, and the cell phone industry, which has funded at least 87% of the research on the subject, has effectively resisted regulation. One good reason has had to do with latency—how long it takes to develop a particular cancer, often 25 years or more. Cell phones have been around only about that long.
But does that mean we avoid any discussion of their possible dangers? Again, if the past is a guide, the answer appears to be "probably." American scientists worried about the hazards of smoking, the DES (diethylstilbestrol) pill (given to pregnant women, it caused birth defects), asbestos, PCBs (polychlorinated biphenyls)—the list is lengthy—but officially warned about exposure only after they could say with absolute certainty that these things were harmful. As for protecting ourselves from toxic radiation, we have a lax—and laughable—history. In the 1920s, just a few years after medical imaging devices were invented, physicians were known to entertain their guests by x-raying them at garden parties. In the 1930s, scientists often kept radium in open trays on their desks. Shoe stores used x-ray machines in the 1940s to properly fit children's feet, and radioactive wristwatches with glowing hour hands were popular in the 1950s.
All of which means that, absent prudent safety standards from both public officials and manufacturers (adding a protective filter would add 5 cents to the cost of making a CFL and $5 to the cost of a laptop), you'll have to protect yourself from EMFs. Here's a reasonable proposition: Practice what is known in Europe as the precautionary principle, which is pretty much what it sounds like. Don't expose yourself unnecessarily to EMF hazards. Don't buy a home next to a WiFi tower. Get a corded telephone instead of a cordless one. Don't let your teenager sleep with a cell phone under her pillow. Don't use your laptop computer in your lap. Treat your EMF-emitting devices with the same cautious respect you do other invaluable modern devices, like your car, which is also dangerous—and can kill. You don't drive in an unnecessarily risky fashion—at high speed or while talking on a cell phone (right?).
The sad truth is that until we have more epidemiologic evidence—whether from disease clusters like the ones at La Quinta and on Cape Cod or from long-term analyses of the health of the world's 4-billion-and-growing cell phone users—we won't know definitively whether electrical pollution is harming us. And even then, we are unlikely to know why or how. "In this country, our research dollars are spent on finding ways to treat disease, not on what causes it—which is to say, how we can prevent it," says Marino. "And that's a tragedy."
But that's also another story.
The Opposing View: "No need for regulation"
In 1993, the National Institutes of Health and Department of Energy began an extensive review of all studies on the possible health effects of electromagnetic fields. six years later they completed their project, called the Electric and Magnetic Fields research and public Information Dissemination (EMF RAPID) program, and reported their findings to Congress: scientific evidence of human health risk from EMF exposure is "weak," they concluded.
While acknowledging a link between both childhood and adult leukemias and EMFs, the researchers' laboratory studies with cells and animals failed to identify a mechanism—that is, how EMFs might cause cancer. (read the EMF RAPID report at prevention.com/links)
To longtime EMF investigators such as David Carpenter, MD, the NIH dismissal of EMF hazards was patently absurd then and even more so now, given the spate of new findings. "We don't know the mechanism for most carcinogens," he says. "there's this idea that anything that causes cancer must directly damage DNA, which is nonsense because most carcinogens don't directly damage DNA. and physicists are adamant that the energy in everyday EMF exposure is so low, it couldn't possibly do anything to biological systems. It's like saying the Earth is flat because you can't see over the edge."
In fact, biological impacts of EMFs—therapeutic ones—are well known. Low-level frequencies are commonly used to promote healing of wounds and bone fractures, and experimental studies show positive effects of pulsed EMFs in treating pain and depression. recently, Michael persinger, PhD, a cognitive neuroscientist at Laurentian University, found that pulsed magnetic fields also halted the growth of melanoma cells in mice.
In a neat twist of logic, many scientists believe that the more we document beneficial effects of EMFs, the better we'll understand their hazards. "If EMF at low intensities can heal," says environmental consultant Cindy sage, "then when we are constantly and randomly exposed to it from multiple sources, it may also be harmful, like any medicine used indiscriminately."
What was wrong with the La Quinta School?
According to epidemiologist Sam Milham, MD, the middle school was rife with the usual suspects—fluorescent lighting, electronic devices—whose toxic effects were exacerbated by an electrical supply overloaded with high-voltage transients.
Substandard wiring in the new school also undoubtedly played a role; officials have since added protective shielding to the electrical room. Milham also measured transient pollution along the transmission lines that fed power to the school. "I found it all the way from the substation to the school—more than a mile," Milham says. "There are three other buildings along the route that also serve children. I've reported it to the FCC and the utility, but they ignore the problem."
How electrical pollution harms
Here, a partial spectrum of the electromagnetic fields that surround us, from strong (waves of extremely high frequency and short length) to weak (waves of extremely low frequency and long length). In each category, you'll find sources that generate the EMF, and associated health risks from overexposure.
X-Ray
[medical imaging devices]
Used to diagnose illness
RISK
Damages tissue and organs by breaking bonds
VISIBLE LIGHT
[SUN]
The only visible EMF
RISK
Ultraviolet light can burn skin and cause cancer
MICROWAVE (a higher frequency RF) [CELL AND CORDLESS PHONES AND TOWERS]
Can heat tissues and penetrate blood-brain barrier
RISK
Increased risk of brain cancer, dementia, and heart disease
RADIO(RF) [RADIO AND TELEVISION SIGNALS]
Can disrupt body's cellular interactions
RISK
"Radio sickness" and electrical hypersensitivity syndrome
EXTREMELY LOW FREQUENCY (ELF) [POWER LINES]
Can cause weak electric currents to flow through the body
RISK
Exposure is associated with childhood leukemia
MORE ON HEALTH EFFECTS:
Academy for Radiation Protection and Environmental Medicine
Information is a partial exceprt from the website. Thank you!
Research
Research data in relation to radiation exposure
There is an ever expanding amount of research clearly linking health issues with the exposure to radiation at far lower levels than maximum exposure limits set by many governments. Of course there is also research that shows there is no effect, but it is interesting to note that most research is funded by the industries that produce this radiation and those studies tend to find less issues than research that was not funded by industry. Please select the category below to find a collection of studies you will find interesting reading. A good source of research on this subject is the Bioinitiative Report. Find out more and download it through this site - http://en.geovital.com/research/
» BIOINITIATIVE REPORT
Health issue and associated research (under construction and constant expansion)
Cancer
Breast cancer
Breast cancer and melatonin: Magnetic fields block melatonin’s oncostatic (anti-cancer) actionBy Liburdy RP, Sloma TR, Sokolic R, Yaswen P Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Life Science Division, Lawrence Berkley Laboratory, US Berkley, CA 9472 “These results provide the first evidence that ELF frequency magnetic fields can act at the cellular levels to enhance breast cancer cell proliferation by blocking melatonin’s natural oncostatic action. In addition, there appears to be a dose threshold between 2 and 12 mG.” View at PubMed: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8320637
Breast cancer / Tamoxifen block
Environmental magnetic fields inhibit the antiproliferative action of tamoxifen and melatonin in a human breast cancer cell lineBy Harland JD, Liburdy RP Life Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley 94720, USA. “We have previously reported that environmental-level magnetic fields (1.2 microT [12 milligauss], 60 Hz) block the growth inhibition of the hormone melatonin (10(-9) M) on MCF-7 human breast cancer cells in vitro. We now report that the same 1.2 microT, 60 Hz magnetic fields significantly block the growth inhibitory action of pharmacological levels of tamoxifen (10(-7) M).” View at PubMed: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9383244
Brain Cancer (Towers)
Radio-Frequency Radiation Exposure from AM Radio Transmitters and Childhood Leukemia and Brain CancerMina Ha, Hyoungjune Im, Mihye Lee, Hyun Joo Kim, Byung-Chan Kim, Yoon-Myoung Gimm and Jeong-Ki Pack
“A total of 1,928 leukemia patients, 956 brain cancer patients, and 3,082 controls were analyzed. … The odds ratio for all types of leukemia was 2.15 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00, 4.67) among children who resided within 2 km of the nearest AM radio transmitter as compared with those resided more than 20 km from it.”
Read Abstract
Cancer near transmitter towers
Mortality by neoplasia and cellular telephone base stations in the Belo Horizonte municipality, Minas Gerais state, BrazilAdilza C. Dode et al
“Base Station (BS) clusters and deaths by neoplasia in the Belo Horizonte municipality have been identified. The mortality rate has been higher for the residents within an area of 500 m from the BS.” (Base Station means transmitter tower)
Read Abstract
Cancer near transmitter towers
Cancer Incidence near Radio and Television Transmitters in Great Britain I. Sutton Coldfield TransmitterHelen Dolk, Gavin Shaddick, Peter Walls, Chris Grundy, Bharat Thakrar, Immo Kleinschmidt and Paul Elliott
“The risk of adult leukemia within 2 km was 1.83”
Oxford Journals
Cancer growth provokation
Long-term exposure to microwave radiation provokes cancer growth: evidences from radars and mobile communication systems.Yakymenko I1, Sidorik E, Kyrylenko S, Chekhun V.
The carcinogenic effect of MW irradiation is typically manifested after long term (up to 10 years and more) exposure. Nevertheless, even a year of operation of a powerful base transmitting station for mobile communication reportedly resulted in a dramatic increase of cancer incidence among population living nearby. In addition, model studies in rodents unveiled a significant increase in carcinogenesis after 17-24 months of MW exposure both in tumor-prone and intact animals.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21716201
Cancer
Epidemiologic evidence relevant to radar (microwave) effects.J R Goldsmith
“Four types of effects were originally reported in multiple studies: increased spontaneous abortion, shifts in red and white blood cell counts, increased
somatic mutation rates in lymphocytes, and increased childhood, testicular, and other cancers.”
“Therefore, prudent avoidance of unneeded exposures is recommended as a precautionary measure.”
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1469943/
Leukemia
RE: Cancer incidence and mortality in the proximity of television (TV) towersHocking B, Gordon I, Grain JL, Hartfield GE. Sydney study 1996 – “…there was little difference in incidence of brain cancer. For leukemia, however, the incidence rate ratio for adults was 1.24 (95% CI 1.09-1.40), whereas for children it was 1.58…”
View in John R. Goldsmith study: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1469943/pdf/envhper00331-0192.pdf
Leukaemia: Mortality increase in childhood leukaemia
Decreased Survival for Childhood Leukemia in Proximity to Television Towers
Bruce Hocking & Ian Gordon
“The 5-yr survival in the inner ring (4km radius) of municipalities was 55%, and in the outer ring (4-12km radius) was 71% (i.e., subjects in the inner ring were 23% less likely to survive than those in the outer ring); at 10 yr, survival in the inner and outer rings was 33% and 62%, respectively.”
Read Abstract
Leukaemia
Radio-Frequency Radiation Exposure from AM Radio Transmitters and Childhood Leukemia and Brain Cancer
Mina Ha, Hyoungjune Im, Mihye Lee, Hyun Joo Kim, Byung-Chan Kim, Yoon-Myoung Gimm and Jeong-Ki Pack
“A total of 1,928 leukemia patients, 956 brain cancer patients, and 3,082 controls were analyzed. … The odds ratio for all types of leukemia was 2.15 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.00, 4.67) among children who resided within 2 km of the nearest AM radio transmitter as compared with those resided more than 20 km from it.”
Read Abstract
Leukaemia, childhood
A case-control study of childhood leukemia in Southern Ontario, Canada, and exposure to magnetic fields in residencesLois Mm. Green, A B Miller, P J Villeneuve, D A Agnew, M L Greenberg, J Li, et al “For children younger than 6 years at diagnosis, outside perimeter measurements of the residence, ≥0.15 μT (1.5mG), were associated with increased leukemia risk. … Our findings did not support an association between leukemia and proximity to power lines with high current configuration.” Read report on Wiley Online LIbrary: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/%28SICI%291097-0215%2819990719%2982:2%3C161::AID-IJC2%3E3.0.CO;2-X/full
Leukemia, childhoor survival
Exposure to Magnetic Fields and Survival after Diagnosis of Childhood Leukemia: A German Cohort StudyAnne Louise Svendsen, T Weihkopf, P Kaatsch and J Schuz Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark “Inspired by a recent U.S. study showing poorer survival among children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) exposed to magnetic fields above 0.3 μT, we examine this relationship in a German cohort of childhood leukemia cases… After adjustment for prognostic risk group, the hazard for exposures above 0.2 μT (2mG) increases to HR, 3.0 (95% CI, 0.9-9.8).” (300% increase)Read abstract at American Association for Cancer Research: http://cebp.aacrjournals.org/content/16/6/1167.short
Leukemia
Childhood leukemia and magnetic fields in Japan: a case-control study of childhood leukemia and residential power-frequency magnetic fields in Japan.Kabuto M, et al – National Institute for Environmental Studies, Ibaraki, Japan. [email protected]
“…The odds ratio for children whose bedrooms had MF levels of 0.4 microT or higher compared with the reference category (MF levels below 0.1 microT) was 2.6 (95% CI=0.76-8.6) for AML (Acute myelocytic leukemia) + ALL (Acute lymphoblastic leukemia) and 4.7 (1.15-19.0) for ALL only. Ed: 2.6 means 160% more likely. 4.7 means 370% more likely.
View on PubMed: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16496405
Liver cancer
Tumor promotion by exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields below exposure limits for humansAlexander Lerchla, Melanie Klosea, Karen Grotea, Adalbert F.X. Wilhelmb, Oliver Spathmannc, Thomas Fiedlerc, Joachim Streckertc, Volkert Hansenc, Markus Clemens
“Numbers of tumors of the lungs and livers in exposed animals were significantly higher than in sham-exposed controls. In addition, lymphomas were also found to be significantly elevated by exposure. A clear dose–response effect is absent.” Exposure levels tested 0 (sham), 0.04, 0.4 and 2 W/kg SAR.
Read Abstract
Lung cancer
Tumor promotion by exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields below exposure limits for humansAlexander Lerchla, Melanie Klosea, Karen Grotea, Adalbert F.X. Wilhelmb, Oliver Spathmannc, Thomas Fiedlerc, Joachim Streckertc, Volkert Hansenc, Markus Clemens
“Numbers of tumors of the lungs and livers in exposed animals were significantly higher than in sham-exposed controls. In addition, lymphomas were also found to be significantly elevated by exposure. A clear dose–response effect is absent.” Exposure levels tested 0 (sham), 0.04, 0.4 and 2 W/kg SAR.
Read Abstract
lymphomas
Tumor promotion by exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields below exposure limits for humansAlexander Lerchla, Melanie Klosea, Karen Grotea, Adalbert F.X. Wilhelmb, Oliver Spathmannc, Thomas Fiedlerc, Joachim Streckertc, Volkert Hansenc, Markus Clemens
“Numbers of tumors of the lungs and livers in exposed animals were significantly higher than in sham-exposed controls. In addition, lymphomas were also found to be significantly elevated by exposure. A clear dose–response effect is absent.” Exposure levels tested 0 (sham), 0.04, 0.4 and 2 W/kg SAR.
Read Abstract
Melanoma
Melanoma Incidence and Frequency Modulation (FM) BroadcastingÖrjan Hallberg & Olle Johansson
“A correlation between melanoma incidence and the number of locally receivable FM transmitters was found. The authors concluded that melanoma is associated with exposure to FM broadcasting.”
Read abstract
Tumor diseases / wireless phones
Epidemiological evidence for an association between use of wireless phones and tumor diseasesLennart Hardell, Michael Carlberg, Kjell Hansson Mild Department of Oncology, University Hospital, SE-701 85 Örebro, Sweden Department of Radiation Physics, Umeå University, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden “…our review yielded a consistent pattern of an increased risk for glioma and acoustic neuroma after >10 year mobile phone use.” View abstract on PubMed: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19268551 View full report: http://www.mreengenharia.com.br/pathfisology/Pathophysiology_2009_Hardell.pdf
Tumor promotion
Tumor promotion by exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields below exposure limits for humansAlexander Lerchla, Melanie Klosea, Karen Grotea, Adalbert F.X. Wilhelmb, Oliver Spathmannc, Thomas Fiedlerc, Joachim Streckertc, Volkert Hansenc, Markus Clemens
“Numbers of tumors of the lungs and livers in exposed animals were significantly higher than in sham-exposed controls. In addition, lymphomas were also found to be significantly elevated by exposure. A clear dose–response effect is absent.” Exposure levels tested 0 (sham), 0.04, 0.4 and 2 W/kg SAR.
Read Abstract
Appetite, lack of
Subjective symptoms related to GSM radiation from mobile phone base stations
Claudio Gómez-Perretta, Enrique A Navarro, Jaume Segura, Manuel Portolés
http://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/3/12/e003836.full
Appetite, loss of
A survey study using questionnaire was conducted in 530 people (270 men, 260 women) living or not in vicinity of cellular phone base stations, on 18 Non Specific Health Symptoms. Comparisons of complaints frequencies in relation with distance from base station and sex, show significant (p < 0.05) increase as compared to people living > 300 m or not exposed to base station, till 300 m for tiredness, 200 m for headache, sleep disturbance, discomfort, etc. 100 m for irritability, depression, loss of memory, dizziness, libido decrease, etc. Women significantly more often than men (p < 0.05) complained of headache, nausea, loss of appetite, sleep disturbance, depression, discomfort and visual perturbations. This first study on symptoms experienced by people living in vicinity of base stations shows that, in view of radioprotection, minimal distance of people from cellular phone base stations should not be < 300 m.
2010, View at Pubmed
Asthma, in offspring
Maternal exposure to magnetic fields during pregnancy in relation to the risk of asthma in offspringNLi, DK, Chen H, Odouli R – Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente, Canada
Asthma was clinically diagnosed among 626 children who were followed up for as long as 13 years. All participants carried a meter to measure their MF levels during pregnancy.
RESULTS: …an increased risk of asthma in offspring: every 1-mG increase of maternal MF level during pregnancy was associated with a 15% increased rate of asthma in offspring. …compared with the children whose mothers had a low MF level (median 24-hour MF level, ≤0.3 mG) during pregnancy, children whose mothers had a high MF level (>2.0 mG) had more than a 3.5-fold increased rate of asthma … while children whose mothers had a medium MF level (>0.3-2.0 mG) had a 74% increased rate of asthma.
CONCLUSION: Our findings provide new epidemiological evidence that high maternal MF levels in pregnancy may increase the risk of asthma in offspring.
View at Pubmed: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21810627
Blood cell count, shift in red and white
Epidemiologic evidence relevant to radar (microwave) effects.J R Goldsmith
“Four types of effects were originally reported in multiple studies: increased spontaneous abortion, shifts in red and white blood cell counts, increased
somatic mutation rates in lymphocytes, and increased childhood, testicular, and other cancers.”
“Therefore, prudent avoidance of unneeded exposures is recommended as a precautionary measure.”
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1469943/
Blood pressure, increase episodes
“Sleep disturbances, tiredness, disturbance in concentration, forgetfulness, problem with finding words, depressive mood, ear noises, sudden loss of hearing, hearing loss, giddiness, nose bleeds, visual disturbances, frequent infections, sinusitis, joint and limb pains, nerve and soft tissue pains, feeling of numbness, heart rhythm disturbances, increased blood pressure episodes, hormonal disturbances, night-time sweats, nausea.” and it commented that “It is no way only a subjective sensitivity disturbance. Disturbances of rhythm, hearing problems, sudden deafness, hearing loss, loss of vision, increased blood pressure, hormonal disturbances, concentration impairments, and others can be proved using scientific objective measures.”
2005, Bamberg Doctors’ Report Signed by 175 GPs
Concentration, difficulties
World Health Organisation (WHO) – What is EHS?
EHS is characterized by a variety of non-specific symptoms, which afflicted individuals attribute to exposure to EMF. The symptoms most commonly experienced include dermatological symptoms (redness, tingling, and burning sensations) as well as neurasthenic and vegetative symptoms (fatigue, tiredness, concentration difficulties, dizziness, nausea, heart palpitation, and digestive disturbances). The collection of symptoms is not part of any recognized syndrome.
December 2005 – View on World Health Organisation website
Concentration, disturbances in
“Sleep disturbances, tiredness, disturbance in concentration, forgetfulness, problem with finding words, depressive mood, ear noises, sudden loss of hearing, hearing loss, giddiness, nose bleeds, visual disturbances, frequent infections, sinusitis, joint and limb pains, nerve and soft tissue pains, feeling of numbness, heart rhythm disturbances, increased blood pressure episodes, hormonal disturbances, night-time sweats, nausea.” and it commented that “It is no way only a subjective sensitivity disturbance. Disturbances of rhythm, hearing problems, sudden deafness, hearing loss, loss of vision, increased blood pressure, hormonal disturbances, concentration impairments, and others can be proved using scientific objective measures.”
2005, Bamberg Doctors’ Report Signed by 175 GPs
Concentration, lack of
Subjective symptoms related to GSM radiation from mobile phone base stations
Claudio Gómez-Perretta, Enrique A Navarro, Jaume Segura, Manuel Portolés
http://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/3/12/e003836.full
Depression
A survey study using questionnaire was conducted in 530 people (270 men, 260 women) living or not in vicinity of cellular phone base stations, on 18 Non Specific Health Symptoms. Comparisons of complaints frequencies in relation with distance from base station and sex, show significant (p < 0.05) increase as compared to people living > 300 m or not exposed to base station, till 300 m for tiredness, 200 m for headache, sleep disturbance, discomfort, etc. 100 m for irritability, depression, loss of memory, dizziness, libido decrease, etc. Women significantly more often than men (p < 0.05) complained of headache, nausea, loss of appetite, sleep disturbance, depression, discomfort and visual perturbations. This first study on symptoms experienced by people living in vicinity of base stations shows that, in view of radioprotection, minimal distance of people from cellular phone base stations should not be < 300 m.
2010, View at Pubmed
Depression
“Sleep disturbances, tiredness, disturbance in concentration, forgetfulness, problem with finding words, depressive mood, ear noises, sudden loss of hearing, hearing loss, giddiness, nose bleeds, visual disturbances, frequent infections, sinusitis, joint and limb pains, nerve and soft tissue pains, feeling of numbness, heart rhythm disturbances, increased blood pressure episodes, hormonal disturbances, night-time sweats, nausea.” and it commented that “It is no way only a subjective sensitivity disturbance. Disturbances of rhythm, hearing problems, sudden deafness, hearing loss, loss of vision, increased blood pressure, hormonal disturbances, concentration impairments, and others can be proved using scientific objective measures.”
2005, Bamberg Doctors’ Report Signed by 175 GPs
Diabetes Mellitus
“Exposure to high RF-EMFR generated by MPBS is associated with elevated level of HbA1c and prevalence of pre diabetes mellitus among school aged adolescents. RF-EMFR appears to be another risk factor contributing to high levels of HbA1c and incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus. This study provides awareness to the community and to the health officials regarding the effects of RF-EMFR generated by MPBS on HbA1c and its association with type 2 diabetes mellitus.”
2015, Sultan Ayoub Meo et al, Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University – Read Abstract or FULL REPORT
Digestive disturbances
World Health Organisation (WHO) – “What is EHS?
EHS is characterized by a variety of non-specific symptoms, which afflicted individuals attribute to exposure to EMF. The symptoms most commonly experienced include dermatological symptoms (redness, tingling, and burning sensations) as well as neurasthenic and vegetative symptoms (fatigue, tiredness, concentration difficulties, dizziness, nausea, heart palpitation, and digestive disturbances). The collection of symptoms is not part of any recognized syndrome.”
December 2005 – View on World Health Organisation website
Discomfort
A survey study using questionnaire was conducted in 530 people (270 men, 260 women) living or not in vicinity of cellular phone base stations, on 18 Non Specific Health Symptoms. Comparisons of complaints frequencies in relation with distance from base station and sex, show significant (p < 0.05) increase as compared to people living > 300 m or not exposed to base station, till 300 m for tiredness, 200 m for headache, sleep disturbance, discomfort, etc. 100 m for irritability, depression, loss of memory, dizziness, libido decrease, etc. Women significantly more often than men (p < 0.05) complained of headache, nausea, loss of appetite, sleep disturbance, depression, discomfort and visual perturbations. This first study on symptoms experienced by people living in vicinity of base stations shows that, in view of radioprotection, minimal distance of people from cellular phone base stations should not be < 300 m.
2010, View at Pubmed
Dizziness
World Health Organisation (WHO) – “What is EHS?
EHS is characterized by a variety of non-specific symptoms, which afflicted individuals attribute to exposure to EMF. The symptoms most commonly experienced include dermatological symptoms (redness, tingling, and burning sensations) as well as neurasthenic and vegetative symptoms (fatigue, tiredness, concentration difficulties, dizziness, nausea, heart palpitation, and digestive disturbances). The collection of symptoms is not part of any recognized syndrome.”
December 2005 – View on World Health Organisation website
Dizziness
A survey study using questionnaire was conducted in 530 people (270 men, 260 women) living or not in vicinity of cellular phone base stations, on 18 Non Specific Health Symptoms. Comparisons of complaints frequencies in relation with distance from base station and sex, show significant (p < 0.05) increase as compared to people living > 300 m or not exposed to base station, till 300 m for tiredness, 200 m for headache, sleep disturbance, discomfort, etc. 100 m for irritability, depression, loss of memory, dizziness, libido decrease, etc. Women significantly more often than men (p < 0.05) complained of headache, nausea, loss of appetite, sleep disturbance, depression, discomfort and visual perturbations. This first study on symptoms experienced by people living in vicinity of base stations shows that, in view of radioprotection, minimal distance of people from cellular phone base stations should not be < 300 m.
2010, View at Pubmed
Ear and hearing
Deafness, sudden
“Sleep disturbances, tiredness, disturbance in concentration, forgetfulness, problem with finding words, depressive mood, ear noises, sudden loss of hearing, hearing loss, giddiness, nose bleeds, visual disturbances, frequent infections, sinusitis, joint and limb pains, nerve and soft tissue pains, feeling of numbness, heart rhythm disturbances, increased blood pressure episodes, hormonal disturbances, night-time sweats, nausea.” and it commented that “It is no way only a subjective sensitivity disturbance. Disturbances of rhythm, hearing problems, sudden deafness, hearing loss, loss of vision, increased blood pressure, hormonal disturbances, concentration impairments, and others can be proved using scientific objective measures.”
2005, Bamberg Doctors’ Report Signed by 175 GPs
Ear noises
“Sleep disturbances, tiredness, disturbance in concentration, forgetfulness, problem with finding words, depressive mood, ear noises, sudden loss of hearing, hearing loss, giddiness, nose bleeds, visual disturbances, frequent infections, sinusitis, joint and limb pains, nerve and soft tissue pains, feeling of numbness, heart rhythm disturbances, increased blood pressure episodes, hormonal disturbances, night-time sweats, nausea.” and it commented that “It is no way only a subjective sensitivity disturbance. Disturbances of rhythm, hearing problems, sudden deafness, hearing loss, loss of vision, increased blood pressure, hormonal disturbances, concentration impairments, and others can be proved using scientific objective measures.”
2005, Bamberg Doctors’ Report Signed by 175 GPs
Hearing loss and sudden hearing loss
“Sleep disturbances, tiredness, disturbance in concentration, forgetfulness, problem with finding words, depressive mood, ear noises, sudden loss of hearing, hearing loss, giddiness, nose bleeds, visual disturbances, frequent infections, sinusitis, joint and limb pains, nerve and soft tissue pains, feeling of numbness, heart rhythm disturbances, increased blood pressure episodes, hormonal disturbances, night-time sweats, nausea.” and it commented that “It is no way only a subjective sensitivity disturbance. Disturbances of rhythm, hearing problems, sudden deafness, hearing loss, loss of vision, increased blood pressure, hormonal disturbances, concentration impairments, and others can be proved using scientific objective measures.”
2005, Bamberg Doctors’ Report Signed by 175 GPs
Electrohypersensitivity (EHS)
Electromagnetic hypersensitivity: evidence for a novel neurological syndrome
Dec 2011: McCarty DE, Carrubba S, Chesson AL, Frilot C, Gonzalez-Toledo E, Marino AA
“…the subject developed temporal pain, headache, muscle twitching, and skipped heartbeats within 100 s after initiation of EMF exposure…”
View at Pubmed: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21793784
Fatigue
World Health Organisation (WHO) – “What is EHS?
EHS is characterized by a variety of non-specific symptoms, which afflicted individuals attribute to exposure to EMF. The symptoms most commonly experienced include dermatological symptoms (redness, tingling, and burning sensations) as well as neurasthenic and vegetative symptoms (fatigue, tiredness, concentration difficulties, dizziness, nausea, heart palpitation, and digestive disturbances). The collection of symptoms is not part of any recognized syndrome.”
December 2005 – View on World Health Organisation website
Forgetfulness
“Sleep disturbances, tiredness, disturbance in concentration, forgetfulness, problem with finding words, depressive mood, ear noises, sudden loss of hearing, hearing loss, giddiness, nose bleeds, visual disturbances, frequent infections, sinusitis, joint and limb pains, nerve and soft tissue pains, feeling of numbness, heart rhythm disturbances, increased blood pressure episodes, hormonal disturbances, night-time sweats, nausea.” and it commented that “It is no way only a subjective sensitivity disturbance. Disturbances of rhythm, hearing problems, sudden deafness, hearing loss, loss of vision, increased blood pressure, hormonal disturbances, concentration impairments, and others can be proved using scientific objective measures.”
2005, Bamberg Doctors’ Report Signed by 175 GPs
Headache
Electromagnetic hypersensitivity: evidence for a novel neurological syndrome
Dec 2011: McCarty DE, Carrubba S, Chesson AL, Frilot C, Gonzalez-Toledo E, Marino AA
“…the subject developed temporal pain, headache, muscle twitching, and skipped heartbeats within 100 s after initiation of EMF exposure…”
View at Pubmed: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21793784
Headache
A survey study using questionnaire was conducted in 530 people (270 men, 260 women) living or not in vicinity of cellular phone base stations, on 18 Non Specific Health Symptoms. Comparisons of complaints frequencies in relation with distance from base station and sex, show significant (p < 0.05) increase as compared to people living > 300 m or not exposed to base station, till 300 m for tiredness, 200 m for headache, sleep disturbance, discomfort, etc. 100 m for irritability, depression, loss of memory, dizziness, libido decrease, etc. Women significantly more often than men (p < 0.05) complained of headache, nausea, loss of appetite, sleep disturbance, depression, discomfort and visual perturbations. This first study on symptoms experienced by people living in vicinity of base stations shows that, in view of radioprotection, minimal distance of people from cellular phone base stations should not be < 300 m.
2010, View at Pubmed
Heart Palpitations/ Tachycardia
Provocation Study using Heart Rate Variability shows Radiation from 2.4GHz Cordless Phone affects Autonomic Nervous System
Magda Havas, Jeffrey Marrongelle, Bernard Pollner, Elizabeth Kelley, Camilla R.G. Rees, Lisa Tully
“Provocation Experiment: Forty percent of the subjects experienced some changes in their HRV attributable to MW radiation. For some the response was extreme (tachycardia), for others moderate to mild (changes in SNS and/or PSNS). and for some there was no observable reaction either because of high adaptive capacity or because of systemic neurovegetative exhaustion…”
View full report: http://electromagnetichealth.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/10/C5-havas-revised-final.pdf
Heart Palpitation
World Health Organisation (WHO) – “What is EHS?
EHS is characterized by a variety of non-specific symptoms, which afflicted individuals attribute to exposure to EMF. The symptoms most commonly experienced include dermatological symptoms (redness, tingling, and burning sensations) as well as neurasthenic and vegetative symptoms (fatigue, tiredness, concentration difficulties, dizziness, nausea, heart palpitation, and digestive disturbances). The collection of symptoms is not part of any recognized syndrome.”
December 2005 – View on World Health Organisation website
Heartbeats skipped
Electromagnetic hypersensitivity: evidence for a novel neurological syndrome
Dec 2011: McCarty DE, Carrubba S, Chesson AL, Frilot C, Gonzalez-Toledo E, Marino AA
“…the subject developed temporal pain, headache, muscle twitching, and skipped heartbeats within 100 s after initiation of EMF exposure…”
View at Pubmed: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21793784
Heart rhythm disturbances
“Sleep disturbances, tiredness, disturbance in concentration, forgetfulness, problem with finding words, depressive mood, ear noises, sudden loss of hearing, hearing loss, giddiness, nose bleeds, visual disturbances, frequent infections, sinusitis, joint and limb pains, nerve and soft tissue pains, feeling of numbness, heart rhythm disturbances, increased blood pressure episodes, hormonal disturbances, night-time sweats, nausea.” and it commented that “It is no way only a subjective sensitivity disturbance. Disturbances of rhythm, hearing problems, sudden deafness, hearing loss, loss of vision, increased blood pressure, hormonal disturbances, concentration impairments, and others can be proved using scientific objective measures.”
2005, Bamberg Doctors’ Report Signed by 175 GPs
Hormonal disturbances
“Sleep disturbances, tiredness, disturbance in concentration, forgetfulness, problem with finding words, depressive mood, ear noises, sudden loss of hearing, hearing loss, giddiness, nose bleeds, visual disturbances, frequent infections, sinusitis, joint and limb pains, nerve and soft tissue pains, feeling of numbness, heart rhythm disturbances, increased blood pressure episodes, hormonal disturbances, night-time sweats, nausea.” and it commented that “It is no way only a subjective sensitivity disturbance. Disturbances of rhythm, hearing problems, sudden deafness, hearing loss, loss of vision, increased blood pressure, hormonal disturbances, concentration impairments, and others can be proved using scientific objective measures.”
2005, Bamberg Doctors’ Report Signed by 175 GPs
Hormone, Insulin secretion reduction
An extremely low frequency magnetic field attenuates insulin secretion from the insulinoma cell line
Sakurai T, Satake A, Sumi S, Inoue K, Miyakoshi J
Scientific collaborator in the Laboratory of Cellular Biotechnology (LBTC),
“In this study, we investigated the effects of exposure to an extremely low frequency magnetic field (ELFMF) on hormone secretion from an islet derived insulinoma cell line, RIN-m.” “These results suggest that exposure to ELFMF attenuates insulin secretion from RIN-m cells by affecting calcium influx through calcium channels.”
View abstract on Pubmed: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15042624
Infection, frequent
“Sleep disturbances, tiredness, disturbance in concentration, forgetfulness, problem with finding words, depressive mood, ear noises, sudden loss of hearing, hearing loss, giddiness, nose bleeds, visual disturbances, frequent infections, sinusitis, joint and limb pains, nerve and soft tissue pains, feeling of numbness, heart rhythm disturbances, increased blood pressure episodes, hormonal disturbances, night-time sweats, nausea.” and it commented that “It is no way only a subjective sensitivity disturbance. Disturbances of rhythm, hearing problems, sudden deafness, hearing loss, loss of vision, increased blood pressure, hormonal disturbances, concentration impairments, and others can be proved using scientific objective measures.”
2005, Bamberg Doctors’ Report Signed by 175 GPs
Irritability
Subjective symptoms related to GSM radiation from mobile phone base stations
Claudio Gómez-Perretta, Enrique A Navarro, Jaume Segura, Manuel Portolés
http://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/3/12/e003836.full
Irritability
A survey study using questionnaire was conducted in 530 people (270 men, 260 women) living or not in vicinity of cellular phone base stations, on 18 Non Specific Health Symptoms. Comparisons of complaints frequencies in relation with distance from base station and sex, show significant (p < 0.05) increase as compared to people living > 300 m or not exposed to base station, till 300 m for tiredness, 200 m for headache, sleep disturbance, discomfort, etc. 100 m for irritability, depression, loss of memory, dizziness, libido decrease, etc. Women significantly more often than men (p < 0.05) complained of headache, nausea, loss of appetite, sleep disturbance, depression, discomfort and visual perturbations. This first study on symptoms experienced by people living in vicinity of base stations shows that, in view of radioprotection, minimal distance of people from cellular phone base stations should not be < 300 m.
2010, View at Pubmed
Libido decrease
A survey study using questionnaire was conducted in 530 people (270 men, 260 women) living or not in vicinity of cellular phone base stations, on 18 Non Specific Health Symptoms. Comparisons of complaints frequencies in relation with distance from base station and sex, show significant (p < 0.05) increase as compared to people living > 300 m or not exposed to base station, till 300 m for tiredness, 200 m for headache, sleep disturbance, discomfort, etc. 100 m for irritability, depression, loss of memory, dizziness, libido decrease, etc. Women significantly more often than men (p < 0.05) complained of headache, nausea, loss of appetite, sleep disturbance, depression, discomfort and visual perturbations. This first study on symptoms experienced by people living in vicinity of base stations shows that, in view of radioprotection, minimal distance of people from cellular phone base stations should not be < 300 m.
2010, View at Pubmed
Memory loss
A survey study using questionnaire was conducted in 530 people (270 men, 260 women) living or not in vicinity of cellular phone base stations, on 18 Non Specific Health Symptoms. Comparisons of complaints frequencies in relation with distance from base station and sex, show significant (p < 0.05) increase as compared to people living > 300 m or not exposed to base station, till 300 m for tiredness, 200 m for headache, sleep disturbance, discomfort, etc. 100 m for irritability, depression, loss of memory, dizziness, libido decrease, etc. Women significantly more often than men (p < 0.05) complained of headache, nausea, loss of appetite, sleep disturbance, depression, discomfort and visual perturbations. This first study on symptoms experienced by people living in vicinity of base stations shows that, in view of radioprotection, minimal distance of people from cellular phone base stations should not be < 300 m.
2010, View at Pubmed
Muscle twitching
Electromagnetic hypersensitivity: evidence for a novel neurological syndrome
Dec 2011: McCarty DE, Carrubba S, Chesson AL, Frilot C, Gonzalez-Toledo E, Marino AA
“…the subject developed temporal pain, headache, muscle twitching, and skipped heartbeats within 100 s after initiation of EMF exposure…”
View at Pubmed: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21793784
Nausea
“Sleep disturbances, tiredness, disturbance in concentration, forgetfulness, problem with finding words, depressive mood, ear noises, sudden loss of hearing, hearing loss, giddiness, nose bleeds, visual disturbances, frequent infections, sinusitis, joint and limb pains, nerve and soft tissue pains, feeling of numbness, heart rhythm disturbances, increased blood pressure episodes, hormonal disturbances, night-time sweats, nausea.” and it commented that “It is no way only a subjective sensitivity disturbance. Disturbances of rhythm, hearing problems, sudden deafness, hearing loss, loss of vision, increased blood pressure, hormonal disturbances, concentration impairments, and others can be proved using scientific objective measures.”
2005, Bamberg Doctors’ Report Signed by 175 GPs
Nausea
“World Health Organisation (WHO) – What is EHS?
EHS is characterized by a variety of non-specific symptoms, which afflicted individuals attribute to exposure to EMF. The symptoms most commonly experienced include dermatological symptoms (redness, tingling, and burning sensations) as well as neurasthenic and vegetative symptoms (fatigue, tiredness, concentration difficulties, dizziness, nausea, heart palpitation, and digestive disturbances). The collection of symptoms is not part of any recognized syndrome.”
December 2005 – View on World Health Organisation website
Nausea
A survey study using questionnaire was conducted in 530 people (270 men, 260 women) living or not in vicinity of cellular phone base stations, on 18 Non Specific Health Symptoms. Comparisons of complaints frequencies in relation with distance from base station and sex, show significant (p < 0.05) increase as compared to people living > 300 m or not exposed to base station, till 300 m for tiredness, 200 m for headache, sleep disturbance, discomfort, etc. 100 m for irritability, depression, loss of memory, dizziness, libido decrease, etc. Women significantly more often than men (p < 0.05) complained of headache, nausea, loss of appetite, sleep disturbance, depression, discomfort and visual perturbations. This first study on symptoms experienced by people living in vicinity of base stations shows that, in view of radioprotection, minimal distance of people from cellular phone base stations should not be < 300 m.
2010, View at Pubmed
Nervous system
Provocation Study using Heart Rate Variability shows Radiation from 2.4GHz Cordless Phone affects Autonomic Nervous System
Magda Havas, Jeffrey Marrongelle, Bernard Pollner, Elizabeth Kelley, Camilla R.G. Rees, Lisa Tully
“Provocation Experiment: Forty percent of the subjects experienced some changes in their HRV attributable to MW radiation. For some the response was extreme (tachycardia), for others moderate to mild (changes in SNS and/or PSNS). and for some there was no observable reaction either because of high adaptive capacity or because of systemic neurovegetative exhaustion…”
View full report: http://electromagnetichealth.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/10/C5-havas-revised-final.pdf
Nose bleed
“Sleep disturbances, tiredness, disturbance in concentration, forgetfulness, problem with finding words, depressive mood, ear noises, sudden loss of hearing, hearing loss, giddiness, nose bleeds, visual disturbances, frequent infections, sinusitis, joint and limb pains, nerve and soft tissue pains, feeling of numbness, heart rhythm disturbances, increased blood pressure episodes, hormonal disturbances, night-time sweats, nausea.” and it commented that “It is no way only a subjective sensitivity disturbance. Disturbances of rhythm, hearing problems, sudden deafness, hearing loss, loss of vision, increased blood pressure, hormonal disturbances, concentration impairments, and others can be proved using scientific objective measures.”
2005, Bamberg Doctors’ Report Signed by 175 GPs
Numbness, feeling of
“Sleep disturbances, tiredness, disturbance in concentration, forgetfulness, problem with finding words, depressive mood, ear noises, sudden loss of hearing, hearing loss, giddiness, nose bleeds, visual disturbances, frequent infections, sinusitis, joint and limb pains, nerve and soft tissue pains, feeling of numbness, heart rhythm disturbances, increased blood pressure episodes, hormonal disturbances, night-time sweats, nausea.” and it commented that “It is no way only a subjective sensitivity disturbance. Disturbances of rhythm, hearing problems, sudden deafness, hearing loss, loss of vision, increased blood pressure, hormonal disturbances, concentration impairments, and others can be proved using scientific objective measures.”
2005, Bamberg Doctors’ Report Signed by 175 GPs
Pain
Joint and Limb pain
“Sleep disturbances, tiredness, disturbance in concentration, forgetfulness, problem with finding words, depressive mood, ear noises, sudden loss of hearing, hearing loss, giddiness, nose bleeds, visual disturbances, frequent infections, sinusitis, joint and limb pains, nerve and soft tissue pains, feeling of numbness, heart rhythm disturbances, increased blood pressure episodes, hormonal disturbances, night-time sweats, nausea.” and it commented that “It is no way only a subjective sensitivity disturbance. Disturbances of rhythm, hearing problems, sudden deafness, hearing loss, loss of vision, increased blood pressure, hormonal disturbances, concentration impairments, and others can be proved using scientific objective measures.”
2005, Bamberg Doctors’ Report Signed by 175 GPs
Nerve and soft tissue pain
“Sleep disturbances, tiredness, disturbance in concentration, forgetfulness, problem with finding words, depressive mood, ear noises, sudden loss of hearing, hearing loss, giddiness, nose bleeds, visual disturbances, frequent infections, sinusitis, joint and limb pains, nerve and soft tissue pains, feeling of numbness, heart rhythm disturbances, increased blood pressure episodes, hormonal disturbances, night-time sweats, nausea.” and it commented that “It is no way only a subjective sensitivity disturbance. Disturbances of rhythm, hearing problems, sudden deafness, hearing loss, loss of vision, increased blood pressure, hormonal disturbances, concentration impairments, and others can be proved using scientific objective measures.”
2005, Bamberg Doctors’ Report Signed by 175 GPs
Temporal pain
Electromagnetic hypersensitivity: evidence for a novel neurological syndrome
Dec 2011: McCarty DE, Carrubba S, Chesson AL, Frilot C, Gonzalez-Toledo E, Marino AA
“…the subject developed temporal pain, headache, muscle twitching, and skipped heartbeats within 100 s after initiation of EMF exposure…”
View at Pubmed: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21793784
Sinusitis
“Sleep disturbances, tiredness, disturbance in concentration, forgetfulness, problem with finding words, depressive mood, ear noises, sudden loss of hearing, hearing loss, giddiness, nose bleeds, visual disturbances, frequent infections, sinusitis, joint and limb pains, nerve and soft tissue pains, feeling of numbness, heart rhythm disturbances, increased blood pressure episodes, hormonal disturbances, night-time sweats, nausea.” and it commented that “It is no way only a subjective sensitivity disturbance. Disturbances of rhythm, hearing problems, sudden deafness, hearing loss, loss of vision, increased blood pressure, hormonal disturbances, concentration impairments, and others can be proved using scientific objective measures.”
2005, Bamberg Doctors’ Report Signed by 175 GPs
Sleeping difficulties
Subjective symptoms related to GSM radiation from mobile phone base stations
Claudio Gómez-Perretta, Enrique A Navarro, Jaume Segura, Manuel Portolés
http://bmjopen.bmj.com/content/3/12/e003836.full
Sleep disturbances
“Sleep disturbances, tiredness, disturbance in concentration, forgetfulness, problem with finding words, depressive mood, ear noises, sudden loss of hearing, hearing loss, giddiness, nose bleeds, visual disturbances, frequent infections, sinusitis, joint and limb pains, nerve and soft tissue pains, feeling of numbness, heart rhythm disturbances, increased blood pressure episodes, hormonal disturbances, night-time sweats, nausea.” and it commented that “It is no way only a subjective sensitivity disturbance. Disturbances of rhythm, hearing problems, sudden deafness, hearing loss, loss of vision, increased blood pressure, hormonal disturbances, concentration impairments, and others can be proved using scientific objective measures.”
2005, Bamberg Doctors’ Report Signed by 175 GPs
Sleep disturbance
A survey study using questionnaire was conducted in 530 people (270 men, 260 women) living or not in vicinity of cellular phone base stations, on 18 Non Specific Health Symptoms. Comparisons of complaints frequencies in relation with distance from base station and sex, show significant (p < 0.05) increase as compared to people living > 300 m or not exposed to base station, till 300 m for tiredness, 200 m for headache, sleep disturbance, discomfort, etc. 100 m for irritability, depression, loss of memory, dizziness, libido decrease, etc. Women significantly more often than men (p < 0.05) complained of headache, nausea, loss of appetite, sleep disturbance, depression, discomfort and visual perturbations. This first study on symptoms experienced by people living in vicinity of base stations shows that, in view of radioprotection, minimal distance of people from cellular phone base stations should not be < 300 m.
2010, View at Pubmed
Skin
Skin, Burning sensation
World Health Organisation (WHO) – What is EHS?
EHS is characterized by a variety of non-specific symptoms, which afflicted individuals attribute to exposure to EMF. The symptoms most commonly experienced include dermatological symptoms (redness, tingling, and burning sensations) as well as neurasthenic and vegetative symptoms (fatigue, tiredness, concentration difficulties, dizziness, nausea, heart palpitation, and digestive disturbances). The collection of symptoms is not part of any recognized syndrome.
December 2005 – View on World Health Organisation website
Skin, Redness
World Health Organisation (WHO) – What is EHS?
EHS is characterized by a variety of non-specific symptoms, which afflicted individuals attribute to exposure to EMF. The symptoms most commonly experienced include dermatological symptoms (redness, tingling, and burning sensations) as well as neurasthenic and vegetative symptoms (fatigue, tiredness, concentration difficulties, dizziness, nausea, heart palpitation, and digestive disturbances). The collection of symptoms is not part of any recognized syndrome.
December 2005 – View on World Health Organisation website
Skin, tingling
World Health Organisation (WHO) – What is EHS?
EHS is characterized by a variety of non-specific symptoms, which afflicted individuals attribute to exposure to EMF. The symptoms most commonly experienced include dermatological symptoms (redness, tingling, and burning sensations) as well as neurasthenic and vegetative symptoms (fatigue, tiredness, concentration difficulties, dizziness, nausea, heart palpitation, and digestive disturbances). The collection of symptoms is not part of any recognized syndrome.
December 2005 – View on World Health Organisation website
Sweats, night time
“Sleep disturbances, tiredness, disturbance in concentration, forgetfulness, problem with finding words, depressive mood, ear noises, sudden loss of hearing, hearing loss, giddiness, nose bleeds, visual disturbances, frequent infections, sinusitis, joint and limb pains, nerve and soft tissue pains, feeling of numbness, heart rhythm disturbances, increased blood pressure episodes, hormonal disturbances, night-time sweats, nausea.” and it commented that “It is no way only a subjective sensitivity disturbance. Disturbances of rhythm, hearing problems, sudden deafness, hearing loss, loss of vision, increased blood pressure, hormonal disturbances, concentration impairments, and others can be proved using scientific objective measures.”
2005, Bamberg Doctors’ Report Signed by 175 GPs
Tiredness
World Health Organisation (WHO) – “What is EHS?
EHS is characterized by a variety of non-specific symptoms, which afflicted individuals attribute to exposure to EMF. The symptoms most commonly experienced include dermatological symptoms (redness, tingling, and burning sensations) as well as neurasthenic and vegetative symptoms (fatigue, tiredness, concentration difficulties, dizziness, nausea, heart palpitation, and digestive disturbances). The collection of symptoms is not part of any recognized syndrome.”
December 2005 – View on World Health Organisation website
Tiredness
“Sleep disturbances, tiredness, disturbance in concentration, forgetfulness, problem with finding words, depressive mood, ear noises, sudden loss of hearing, hearing loss, giddiness, nose bleeds, visual disturbances, frequent infections, sinusitis, joint and limb pains, nerve and soft tissue pains, feeling of numbness, heart rhythm disturbances, increased blood pressure episodes, hormonal disturbances, night-time sweats, nausea.” and it commented that “It is no way only a subjective sensitivity disturbance. Disturbances of rhythm, hearing problems, sudden deafness, hearing loss, loss of vision, increased blood pressure, hormonal disturbances, concentration impairments, and others can be proved using scientific objective measures.”
2005, Bamberg Doctors’ Report Signed by 175 GPs
Tiredness
A survey study using questionnaire was conducted in 530 people (270 men, 260 women) living or not in vicinity of cellular phone base stations, on 18 Non Specific Health Symptoms. Comparisons of complaints frequencies in relation with distance from base station and sex, show significant (p < 0.05) increase as compared to people living > 300 m or not exposed to base station, till 300 m for tiredness, 200 m for headache, sleep disturbance, discomfort, etc. 100 m for irritability, depression, loss of memory, dizziness, libido decrease, etc. Women significantly more often than men (p < 0.05) complained of headache, nausea, loss of appetite, sleep disturbance, depression, discomfort and visual perturbations. This first study on symptoms experienced by people living in vicinity of base stations shows that, in view of radioprotection, minimal distance of people from cellular phone base stations should not be < 300 m.
2010, View at Pubmed
Vision loss
“Sleep disturbances, tiredness, disturbance in concentration, forgetfulness, problem with finding words, depressive mood, ear noises, sudden loss of hearing, hearing loss, giddiness, nose bleeds, visual disturbances, frequent infections, sinusitis, joint and limb pains, nerve and soft tissue pains, feeling of numbness, heart rhythm disturbances, increased blood pressure episodes, hormonal disturbances, night-time sweats, nausea.” and it commented that “It is no way only a subjective sensitivity disturbance. Disturbances of rhythm, hearing problems, sudden deafness, hearing loss, loss of vision, increased blood pressure, hormonal disturbances, concentration impairments, and others can be proved using scientific objective measures.”
2005, Bamberg Doctors’ Report Signed by 175 GPs
Visual disturbances
“Sleep disturbances, tiredness, disturbance in concentration, forgetfulness, problem with finding words, depressive mood, ear noises, sudden loss of hearing, hearing loss, giddiness, nose bleeds, visual disturbances, frequent infections, sinusitis, joint and limb pains, nerve and soft tissue pains, feeling of numbness, heart rhythm disturbances, increased blood pressure episodes, hormonal disturbances, night-time sweats, nausea.” and it commented that “It is no way only a subjective sensitivity disturbance. Disturbances of rhythm, hearing problems, sudden deafness, hearing loss, loss of vision, increased blood pressure, hormonal disturbances, concentration impairments, and others can be proved using scientific objective measures.”
2005, Bamberg Doctors’ Report Signed by 175 GPs
Children
Autism, increased incidence
A Possible association between Fetal/neonatal Exposure to Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Radiation and the Increased incidence of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD).“…Previously, the incidence of autism has been reported as 4-5 per 10,000 children. The most recent evidence indicates an increased incidence of about 1 per 500 children. … It is suggested that fetal or neo-natal exposures to radiofrequency radiation may be associated with an increased incidence of autism.” Read abstract at PubMed: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14962625 Read report here: http://www.emfbioeffects.org/report.html
Behavioral problems
Prenatal and postnatal exposure to cell phone use and behavioral problems in children.Divan HA, Kheifets L, Obel C, Olsen J. Department of Epidemiology, UCLA School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1772, USA. “Exposure to cell phones prenatally-and, to a lesser degree, postnatally-was associated with behavioral difficultiessuch as emotional and hyperactivity problems around the age of school entry.” View at Pubmed: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18467962?dopt=Abstract
Cancer
Childhood Cancer in the vicinity of Transmitter Tower, San Francisco
Dr Neil Cherry O.N.Z.M. Associate Professor of Environmental Health
“there are very high and extremely significantly elevated childhood cancer rates where the mean exposure is relatively high but still a very small fraction of the Federal Communication Commission (FCC) standard.”
Full Report
Heart rhythm changes/stroke volume
Fetal and neonatal responses following maternal exposure to mobile phones.Ahmed Y. Rezk, MD, Khaled Abdulqawi, MD, Randa M. Mustafa, MD, Tark M. Abo El-Azm, MD, Hesham Al-Inany, MD
From the Departments of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Rezk), Pediatrics (Abdulqawi), Physiology (Mustafa), and Cardiology (El-Azm), Benha Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, and the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (Al-Inany), Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt. Tel. +20 101469022. Fax. +20 013267080. E-mail: [email protected]
“RESULTS: A statistical significant increase in fetal and neonatal HR, and statistical significant decrease in stroke volume and COP before and after use of mobile phone were noted. All these changes are attenuated with increase in gestational age.”
View on PubMed: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/ View full report: http://www.smj.org.sa/
Hyperactivity
Mice exposed during pregnancy had impaired memory, were hyperactive, and had decreased anxiety, indicating that in-utero exposure to radiofrequency is a potential cause of neurobehavioral disorders.
Tamir S. Aldad, Geliang Gan, Xiao-Bing Gao & Hugh S. Taylor
http://www.nature.com/articles/srep00312?
Hyperactivity
Prenatal and postnatal exposure to cell phone use and behavioral problems in children.Divan HA, Kheifets L, Obel C, Olsen J. Department of Epidemiology, UCLA School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1772, USA. “Exposure to cell phones prenatally-and, to a lesser degree, postnatally-was associated with behavioral difficulties such as emotional and hyperactivity problems around the age of school entry.” View at Pubmed: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18467962?dopt=Abstract
Hyperactivity
Children with exposure to cell phones (prenatally, postnatally, or both) tended to have higher percentages of borderline or abnormal scores for emotional symptoms, conduct problems hyperactivity and peer problems.
Hozefa A. Divan, Leeka Kheifets, Carsten Obel and Jørn Olsen
Abstract under ISEE-612 – Full Report
Leukemia
A case-control study of childhood leukemia in Southern Ontario, Canada, and exposure to magnetic fields in residencesLois Mm. Green, A B Miller, P J Villeneuve, D A Agnew, M L Greenberg, J Li, et al “For children younger than 6 years at diagnosis, outside perimeter measurements of the residence, ≥0.15 μT (1.5mG), were associated with increased leukemia risk. … Our findings did not support an association between leukemia and proximity to power lines with high current configuration.” Read report on Wiley Online LIbrary: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/%28SICI%291097-0215%2819990719%2982:2%3C161::AID-IJC2%3E3.0.CO;2-X/full
Leukemia
Childhood leukemia and magnetic fields in Japan: a case-control study of childhood leukemia and residential power-frequency magnetic fields in Japan.Kabuto M, et al – National Institute for Environmental Studies, Ibaraki, Japan. [email protected]
“…The odds ratio for children whose bedrooms had MF levels of 0.4 microT or higher compared with the reference category (MF levels below 0.1 microT) was 2.6 (95% CI=0.76-8.6) for AML (Acute myelocytic leukemia) + ALL (Acute lymphoblastic leukemia) and 4.7 (1.15-19.0) for ALL only. Ed: 2.6 means 160% more likely. 4.7 means 370% more likely.
View on PubMed: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16496405
Leukemia, childhood survival
Exposure to Magnetic Fields and Survival after Diagnosis of Childhood Leukemia: A German Cohort StudyAnne Louise Svendsen, T Weihkopf, P Kaatsch and J Schuz Institute of Cancer Epidemiology, Danish Cancer Society, Copenhagen, Denmark “Inspired by a recent U.S. study showing poorer survival among children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) exposed to magnetic fields above 0.3 μT, we examine this relationship in a German cohort of childhood leukemia cases… After adjustment for prognostic risk group, the hazard for exposures above 0.2 μT (2mG) increases to HR, 3.0 (95% CI, 0.9-9.8).” (300% increase)Read abstract at American Association for Cancer Research: http://cebp.aacrjournals.org/content/16/6/1167.short
Fertility and pregnancy
Abortion, spontaneous
Exposure to Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields during Pregnancy and the Risk of Spontaneous Abortion: A Case-Control StudyFatemeh Shamsi Mahmoudabadi (Msc), Saeideh Ziaei (MD), Mohammad Firoozabadi (PhD), Anoshirvan Kazemnejad (PhD)
Department of Reproductive Health, Faculty of Medical Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
RESULTS: The magnitude of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields in the participants´ houses was significantly different between the two groups (P<0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: Extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields exposure is probably related to early spontaneous abortions.
View abstract: http://journals.umsha.ac.ir/index.php/JRHS/article/view/848 Download full report
Abortion, spontaneous
Epidemiologic evidence relevant to radar (microwave) effects.J R Goldsmith
“Four types of effects were originally reported in multiple studies: increased spontaneous abortion, shifts in red and white blood cell counts, increased
somatic mutation rates in lymphocytes, and increased childhood, testicular, and other cancers.”
“Therefore, prudent avoidance of unneeded exposures is recommended as a precautionary measure.”
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1469943/
Abortion rate
Possible effects of electric blankets and heated waterbeds on fetal developmentNancy Wertheimer PhD, Ed Leeper – “Seasonal patterns were seen in fetal growth and inabortion rate for families using electrically heated beds. These patterns could be attributed to the seasonal use of heated beds. …seen only in users, and not in nonusers…”
View in Wiley Online Library, BioElectroMagnetics 1986: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/bem.2250070103/abstract
Asthma, in offspring
Maternal exposure to magnetic fields during pregnancy in relation to the risk of asthma in offspringNLi, DK, Chen H, Odouli R – Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente, Canada
Asthma was clinically diagnosed among 626 children who were followed up for as long as 13 years. All participants carried a meter to measure their MF levels during pregnancy.
RESULTS: …an increased risk of asthma in offspring: every 1-mG increase of maternal MF level during pregnancy was associated with a 15% increased rate of asthma in offspring. …compared with the children whose mothers had a low MF level (median 24-hour MF level, ≤0.3 mG) during pregnancy, children whose mothers had a high MF level (>2.0 mG) had more than a 3.5-fold increased rate of asthma … while children whose mothers had a medium MF level (>0.3-2.0 mG) had a 74% increased rate of asthma.
CONCLUSION: Our findings provide new epidemiological evidence that high maternal MF levels in pregnancy may increase the risk of asthma in offspring.
View at Pubmed: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21810627
Autism, increased incidence with fetal exposure
A Possible association between Fetal/neonatal Exposure to Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Radiation and the Increased incidence of Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD).“…Previously, the incidence of autism has been reported as 4-5 per 10,000 children. The most recent evidence indicates an increased incidence of about 1 per 500 children. … It is suggested that fetal or neo-natal exposures to radiofrequency radiation may be associated with an increased incidence of autism.” Read abstract at PubMed: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14962625 Read report here: http://www.emfbioeffects.org/report.html
DNA-fragmentation
The influence of direct mobile phone radiation on sperm quality2014: Gorpinchenko I, Nikitin O, Banyra O, Shulyak A. – Institute of Urology at the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine
RESULTS: The number of spermatozoa with progressive movement in the group, influenced by electromagnetic radiation, is statistically lower than the number of spermatozoa with progressive movement in the group under no effect of the mobile phone. The number of non-progressive movement spermatozoa was significantly higher in the group, which was influenced by cell phone radiation. The DNA fragmentation was also significantly higher in this group.
CONCLUSIONS: A correlation exists between mobile phone radiation exposure, DNA-fragmentation level and decreased sperm motility.
Fetal growth
Possible effects of electric blankets and heated waterbeds on fetal developmentNancy Wertheimer PhD, Ed Leeper – “Seasonal patterns were seen in fetal growth and in abortion rate for families using electrically heated beds. These patterns could be attributed to the seasonal use of heated beds. …seen only in users, and not in nonusers…”
View in Wiley Online Library, BioElectroMagnetics 1986: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/bem.2250070103/abstract
Fertility, female
Environmental Electromagnetic field and Female FertilityBy Leila Roshangar and Jafar Soleimani – “There is no doubt that cell damages are the basis of all disorders occurs after EMF exposure. In support of our findings Sandra et al/ (Sandra et al. 2000) suggested that EMF-exposure might impair mammalian female reproductive potentiality by reducing the capacity of the follicles to reach a developmental stage that is an essential pre requisite for reproductive success…
…our results suggest that apoptosis plays a critical role in the degeneration of ovarian cortical tissue, luminal epithelium, glandular epithelium and stromal cells in uterus and luminal epithelium in fallopian tube. The present EMF-exposure model can be used when striving to find ways to improve the viability of ovarian tissue in order to grow follicles for subsequent IVF treatment, and or to protect reproductive organs from EMF effect. …”
View full report: http://www.intechopen.com/books/from-preconception-to-postpartum/environmental-electromagnetic-field-and-female-fertility
Miscarriages
Miscarriages among Female Physical Therapists Who Report Using Radio- and Microwave frequency Electromagnetic RadiationDr Rita Ouellet-Hellstrom and Walter F Stewart, 1992 – “Of the microwave-exposed women, 47.7% had miscarriages prior to the 7th week of pregnancy compared to 14.5% of nonexposed women.”
View in Oxford Journals, American Journal of Epidemiology: http://aje.oxfordjournals.org/content/138/10/775
View in John R. Goldsmith study: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1469943/pdf/envhper00331-0192.pdf
Reproductive organ, female
Environmental Electromagnetic field and Female FertilityBy Leila Roshangar and Jafar Soleimani – “There is no doubt that cell damages are the basis of all disorders occurs after EMF exposure. In support of our findings Sandra et al/ (Sandra et al. 2000) suggested that EMF-exposure might impair mammalian female reproductive potentiality by reducing the capacity of the follicles to reach a developmental stage that is an essential pre requisite for reproductive success…
…our results suggest that apoptosis plays a critical role in the degeneration of ovarian cortical tissue, luminal epithelium, glandular epithelium and stromal cells in uterus and luminal epithelium in fallopian tube. The present EMF-exposure model can be used when striving to find ways to improve the viability of ovarian tissue in order to grow follicles for subsequent IVF treatment, and or to protect reproductive organs from EMF effect. …”
View full report: http://www.intechopen.com/books/from-preconception-to-postpartum/environmental-electromagnetic-field-and-female-fertility
Sperm count
Effect of cell phone usage on semen analysis in men attending infertility clinic: an observational study.
By Agarwal A, Deepinder F, Sharma RK, Ranga G, Li J. Reproductive Research Center, Glickman Urological Institute and Department of Obstetrics-Gynecology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA. [email protected]
Three hundred sixty-one men undergoing infertility evaluation were divided into four groups according to their active cell phone use: group A: no use; group B: <2 h/day; group C: 2-4 h/day; and group D: >4 h/day. The comparisons of mean sperm count, motility, viability, and normal morphology among four different cell phone user groups were statistically significant. Mean sperm motility, viability, and normal morphology were significantly different in cell phone user groups within two sperm count groups. The laboratory values of the above four sperm parameters decreased in all four cell phone user groups as the duration of daily exposure to cell phones increased. CONCLUSION(S): Use of cell phones decrease the semen quality in men by decreasing the sperm count, motility, viability, and normal morphology. The decrease in sperm parameters was dependent on the duration of daily exposure to cell phones and independent of the initial semen quality. View at PubMed: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17482179
Sperm morphology
Exposure to magnetic fields and the risk of poor sperm quality.
Li DK, Yan B, Li Z, Gao E, Miao M, Gong D, Weng X, Ferber JR, Yuan W Division of Research, Kaiser Foundation Research Institute, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, 2000 Broadway, Oakland, CA 94612, United States. [email protected] “…MF level > or = 1.6mG had a two-fold increase risk of abnormal sperm motility and morphology… Increased duration of MF exposure above 1.6mG further increased the risk…” View at PubMed: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19910156?dopt=Abstract
Sperm morphology
Effect of cell phone usage on semen analysis in men attending infertility clinic: an observational study.
By Agarwal A, Deepinder F, Sharma RK, Ranga G, Li J. Reproductive Research Center, Glickman Urological Institute and Department of Obstetrics-Gynecology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA. [email protected]
Three hundred sixty-one men undergoing infertility evaluation were divided into four groups according to their active cell phone use: group A: no use; group B: <2 h/day; group C: 2-4 h/day; and group D: >4 h/day. The comparisons of mean sperm count, motility, viability, and normal morphology among four different cell phone user groups were statistically significant. Mean sperm motility, viability, and normal morphology were significantly different in cell phone user groups within two sperm count groups. The laboratory values of the above four sperm parameters decreased in all four cell phone user groups as the duration of daily exposure to cell phones increased. CONCLUSION(S): Use of cell phones decrease the semen quality in men by decreasing the sperm count, motility, viability, and normal morphology. The decrease in sperm parameters was dependent on the duration of daily exposure to cell phones and independent of the initial semen quality. View at PubMed: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17482179
Sperm motility decrease
The influence of direct mobile phone radiation on sperm quality2014: Gorpinchenko I, Nikitin O, Banyra O, Shulyak A. – Institute of Urology at the National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine
RESULTS: The number of spermatozoa with progressive movement in the group, influenced by electromagnetic radiation, is statistically lower than the number of spermatozoa with progressive movement in the group under no effect of the mobile phone. The number of non-progressive movement spermatozoa was significantly higher in the group, which was influenced by cell phone radiation. The DNA fragmentation was also significantly higher in this group.
CONCLUSIONS: A correlation exists between mobile phone radiation exposure, DNA-fragmentation level and decreased sperm motility.
Sperm motility
Exposure to magnetic fields and the risk of poor sperm quality.
Li DK, Yan B, Li Z, Gao E, Miao M, Gong D, Weng X, Ferber JR, Yuan W Division of Research, Kaiser Foundation Research Institute, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, 2000 Broadway, Oakland, CA 94612, United States. [email protected] “…MF level > or = 1.6mG had a two-fold increase risk of abnormal sperm motility and morphology… Increased duration of MF exposure above 1.6mG further increased the risk…” View at PubMed: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19910156?dopt=Abstract
Sperm motility
Effect of cell phone usage on semen analysis in men attending infertility clinic: an observational study.
By Agarwal A, Deepinder F, Sharma RK, Ranga G, Li J. Reproductive Research Center, Glickman Urological Institute and Department of Obstetrics-Gynecology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA. [email protected]
Three hundred sixty-one men undergoing infertility evaluation were divided into four groups according to their active cell phone use: group A: no use; group B: <2 h/day; group C: 2-4 h/day; and group D: >4 h/day. The comparisons of mean sperm count, motility, viability, and normal morphology among four different cell phone user groups were statistically significant. Mean sperm motility, viability, and normal morphology were significantly different in cell phone user groups within two sperm count groups. The laboratory values of the above four sperm parameters decreased in all four cell phone user groups as the duration of daily exposure to cell phones increased. CONCLUSION(S): Use of cell phones decrease the semen quality in men by decreasing the sperm count, motility, viability, and normal morphology. The decrease in sperm parameters was dependent on the duration of daily exposure to cell phones and independent of the initial semen quality. View at PubMed: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17482179
Sperm viability
Effect of cell phone usage on semen analysis in men attending infertility clinic: an observational study.
By Agarwal A, Deepinder F, Sharma RK, Ranga G, Li J. Reproductive Research Center, Glickman Urological Institute and Department of Obstetrics-Gynecology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA. [email protected]
Three hundred sixty-one men undergoing infertility evaluation were divided into four groups according to their active cell phone use: group A: no use; group B: <2 h/day; group C: 2-4 h/day; and group D: >4 h/day. The comparisons of mean sperm count, motility, viability, and normal morphology among four different cell phone user groups were statistically significant. Mean sperm motility, viability, and normal morphology were significantly different in cell phone user groups within two sperm count groups. The laboratory values of the above four sperm parameters decreased in all four cell phone user groups as the duration of daily exposure to cell phones increased. CONCLUSION(S): Use of cell phones decrease the semen quality in men by decreasing the sperm count, motility, viability, and normal morphology. The decrease in sperm parameters was dependent on the duration of daily exposure to cell phones and independent of the initial semen quality. View at PubMed: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17482179
This list will never stop expanding…